Young drivers and graduated licensing: The Ontario case

Despite improvements in road safety over the past several decades, accident rates remain high for young drivers. One accident countermeasure that is expected to improve the safety record of this group is graduated licensing. The philosophy behind this licensing system is that novice drivers, of whom the majority are young, should be restricted to relatively safe driving environments during the initial learning period. Graduated licensing was implemented in the Province of Ontario, Canada in 1994. The objective of this study is to estimate the potential benefits and costs for young drivers associated with two components of the Ontario graduated licensing package: the late-night driving curfew and the high-speed roadway restrictions. Based on accident and travel data for the year 1988, accident-involvement rates per kilometre driven were calculated for different driver groups for various combinations of time of day and roadway speed limit. These rates were then applied to the expected mobility profiles of young drivers affected by graduated licensing. The results of the study support the late-night curfew and suggest that this component of the licensing package should reduce total accident involvements for the affected group by up to 10 percent and fatal accident involvements by up to 24 percent, while reducing their total driving by only four percent. By contrast, the empirical evidence suggest that the high-speed roadway restrictions are likely to increase accident involvements, and thus it is strongly recommended that this component of Ontario's graduated licensing package be changed.     

管道基础施工在不良地质条件下的处理

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钻孔灌注桩成孔过程中几个问题的探讨

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洋山深水港区一期工程航行安全模拟试验研究

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控制和管理一体化的DCS系统

阐述工业控制和管理一体化ＤＣＳ系统的重要性，介绍了一种网桥，将２＋控制网和ＮＯＶＥＬＬ网连网，并给出了具体的系统图和接口电路图。     

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近距离下穿轨道交通高架桥的深基坑设计施工技术

介绍了上海市轨道交通8号线虹口足球场站近距离横穿运营中的轨道交通3号线高架桥的深基坑设计施工技术。采用钻孔咬合桩作为围护结构,根据侧向变形引起的桩基附加力确定基坑变形控制值,结合楼板设置钢筋混凝土支撑的框架逆筑法施工,兼顾了施工进度和环境保护的要求。施工过程的实际变形和理论预测基本吻合。     

论港口建设工程造价的全过程管理

港口建设工程造价的控制与管理是一个动态的过程,文中重点分析了在项目投资决策阶段、项目设计阶段、项目实施阶段和竣工阶段全过程造价管理的方法与侧重点,以提高投资效益。     

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